Button-cutting lathe.



P. F. DUSHA L A. FEYK.

` BUTTON CUTTING LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED AuG.26, i916.

y y213() 688 Patented lJ une 19, 1917.

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A TTORNEYS P. F. DUSHA 8L A. FEYKl BUTTON CUTTING LATHE.

MPL10/mor: mso Anais. me. 1,230,688. Patented June '19, 1917.

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PAUL F. DUSHA AND ANTON FEYK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORS TO HOLUB-DUSHA COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

BUTTON-CUTTING LATHE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented J 11119 19, 1917.

Application led vAugust 26, 1916. Serial No. 116,979.

Ywhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to button making machines, and deals particularly with a lathe for cutting blanks from green snail, trochus and other shells.

In cutting button blanks from shells of the type referred to it has been the custom heretofore to cut or break the shells into sections, due to the irregularity of the shape, so that the relatively fiat portions could be presented to the cutter for cutting out the blanks.

Among the objects of the present ,invention is to im ove the method and means of cutting blan s from irregular' shells in a simple, expeditious and economical manner and without the necessity of cutting the shells with a circular saw into sections or otherwise breaking the shells into pieces.

I-Ieretofore it has been the practice to cut the blanks by means of toothed tubular cutting tools, but as the shell stock is hard like enamel and insonne places equal to glass in hardness, it is necessary to repeatedly reflle the teeth in the cutter, so that the process of cutting out-blanks is slow, tedious and expensive and the daily production comparatively small.V

Another object of the invention is vto improve the cutting operation by employing 'a cutting tool which rotates at an extremely high speed and which is self harde-ning, the tool being cooled both inside and out by flowing streams of water.

In this manner the blanks can be cut out at a high rate of speed, not only because of the rapid cutting operation but because there is no necessity of frequently stopping they machine to take out the tool for resharpening.

With such objects in View, and others which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention comprises various novel features of construction and arrangement of parts which vvllbe set forthwith particularity in the following description and claims appended hereto.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of the invention and wherein similar charactersof reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views,

Figure l is a plan view of the lathe; Fig. 2 is acentral vertical section; Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on the line 3--8, Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an end view of the lathe; and Fig. 5 is an -enlarged sectional view through the cutter and workclamping means.

Referring to the drawing, 1 designates the bed of the lathe, which is constructed with an upstanding peripheral fla-nge- 1u to constitute a basin in which the cooling water drains, there being a suitable drain outlet (not shown) for conveying awayvthe water used in cooling the cutting tool. Fastened to the bed is a france2 of suitable construction which has alining horizontal bearings Sand 4 for receiving the tool spindle carriage. This carriage comprises axially alining barrels or tubular members 5 and 6 slidablev longitudinally in the bearings 3 and 4, respectively, said members 5 and 6 being integrally connected by a connecting member 7 Extending through the barrels 5 and 6 is a tubular spindle S on which is fastened a driving pulley 9 located between the two barrels. In the barrel or tub-ular member 5 are` annular ball bearings 10, and in the barrel 6 is an annular ball bearing 11 and thrust ball bearings 12. The spindle is adapted to rotate at a very high speed, and consequentlyv the ball bearings are employed to reduce friction to a minimum. On one end of the spindle is a hollow head 13 that contains a chuck 14 for holding the tubular cutting tool 15. f Coperating with the tool is avfwork holder, rest or clamp 16 in the form of an armV 17 which has a root or base portion 18 removably mounted in a socket 19 of an adjustable bracket or support 20. This support embodies a plate 21 which is fastened by bolts 22 to the bearing 3, as shown in Fig. 3, the bolts -passing'thro-ugh slots 23 in the plate, so that the latter can be raised or lowered to adjust the position oftheywork holder 16 with respect to, thetocl., Anfadjustngfserew los 24 is swiveled in the lug 25 of the member 20 and screwed in a threaded opening 26inV tending from the frame 2 is a bracket 27 on which is fulcrumed a bell-crank lever 28 formed with an operating handle 29, and connected with this bell-crank lever at 30 is a. rod or link 31 which has adjustable connection 32 with a lever 33 at the rear end of the machine. This lever is fastened to a vertical pin 34 to which is also fastened a crotched arm 35, the members of which are connected by pins 36 with a collar 37, which has a. threaded connection lwith the barrel 6, as shown in Fig. 2. Thus, by moving the bell-crankrlever 2,8 back and forth on its pivot 28, the lever 33 and bifurcated arm 35 will swing about the pin 34 as a center and produce longitudinal movement of the .carriage and spindle. In operation the handle 29 is moved inwardly or toward the frame 2 to effect the feeding movement of the tool during the cutting operation, and by movement of the handle in the opposite direction the tool is retracted from the work.

Extending longitudinally of the spindle is a tubular rod 38 which also extends through the chuck and tubular cutter 15, so that the forward Vextremity of the rod coperates with the holder 16 to clamp the work. This rod has recesses 39 in its forward extremity, as shown in Fig. 5, and consequently water can be fed through the rod from its rear end to the work, and here the water passes out through the ports 39 and flows in contact with the bore of the cutting tool so as to internally cool the same. The rear end of the rod 38 is connected by a flexible hosef39 with a suitable source of water-supply. A Waterdischarging nozzle 40 mounted on a stationary part of the frame by means of a bracket 41, directs a jet of water on the outside of the revolving'cutting tool 15, and this nozzle is connected by a hose 42 with a source of water supply. The cooling water drains into the basin 1 and is conveyed away by any suitable means. The tubular rod'or work clamping device 38 has longitudinal movement in the spindle, and for this purpose a cross head 43 is fastened by a clamping screw 44 to the rod 38, such cross head being slidably mounted on stationary supporting rods 45 mounted on the collar 37. These rods 45 support a fixed cross-head 46v and interposed between the cross heads and surrounding rod 38 is a( helical compression spring 47 The rod 38 moves longitudinally by the actuation of the operating handle 29, but by reason of the spring 47 the `rod 38 moves into engagement with the work before the cutter and remains in contact therewith while the cutter is being retracted after having cut a blank, and after the cutter is moved away a suitable distance from the work, the rod 38 is retracted, so as to provide clearance for adjusting another part of the work to the right position for cutting the next blank. Y

It will be noted that the holder 16 is so positioned or supported and of such size that it can be readily entered in Vthe whirl or convolution of a shell so as to steadily support the shell while the cutter is cutting out a blank, and it is vpossible t0 cut out blanks not only from the external wall of the shell but also from the helical partition as well, it being merely necessary to break ofi' from time to time the portions of the shell from which blanks have already been cut, so as to permit the work-holding means 16 and the cutting tool to engage with uncut parts of the shell. In this way a portion of the outer wall is cut and then a portion of the helical partition, and after the residue is broken away, another portion ofthe outer shell and another portion of the partition are successively cut, until all the available portions of the shell are used. It will thus be seen that this improved method results in great economy and despatch and greatly multiplies the output of a single machine. Y

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the advantages of the construction and method of operationY will be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention appertains, and while we have described the principle of operation, together with the machine which we now consider to be the best embodiment thereof, we desire to have it understood that the machine shown is merely illustrative and that such changes may be made when Vdesired as fall ley-carrying spindle mounted in the tubular members of the carriage, a driving means on the spindle and disposed between the tubular members of the carriage, and means connected with the carriage for longitudinally moving the same. f

2. A machine of the class described comf prising a bed, a fixed frame thereonv having alining bearings, a carriage having spaced tubular members slidable respectively axially of and in the bearings, a rotatable pulley-carrying spindle mounted in the tubular members of the carriage, a driving means on the spindle and disposed between the tubular members of the carriage, a lever fulcrumed on the frame and operatively connected with the carriage for longitudinally moving the same, and an operating lever having an adjustable connection with the rst-mentioned lever.

3. A machine of the class described comprising a bed, a frame mounted thereon and having spaced bearings, a carriage having spaced tubular portions disposed in the respective bearings and also having a portion lying between and connecting the tubular portions, a tool-carryingV spindle extending axially of and in the tubular portions of the carriage, bearings rotatably mounting the spindle in the said tubular portions, a thrust bearing in one of the tubular portions, a pulley on the portion of the spindle between the said tubular portions of the carriage, and means connected with vthe carriage for longitudinally moving the same.

4. The combination of a bed, a fixed frame thereon having bearings, a carriage slidable longitudinally of and in the bearings, a spindle rotatably mounted in and movable longitudinally with the carriage, said spindle being hollow, a work-engaging element extending longitudinally of the spindle, means connected with the carriage for actuating the same, parallel members extending from one end of the carriage and parallel with the axis thereof and lying at 0pposite sides oi the work-engaging element, a cross-piece connected with the members and through which the element extends, a spring interposed between the cross-pieces, and means for clamping the second-mentioned cross-piece with the work-engaging element.

PAUL F. DUSHA. ANTON FEYK.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Gommissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

